Factores asociados al no uso de métodos anticonceptivos con su última pareja sexual en estudiantes universitarios, 2022
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al no uso de métodos anticonceptivos con su última pareja sexual en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM). Material y métodos: Estudio analítico de casos y controles con una muestra de 160 estudiantes de la UNMSM, con un muestreo estratificado donde se consideró como estrato a cada una de las cinco (05) áreas académicas de la universidad. Se aplicó un cuestionario online para identificar factores socio–culturales, sexuales, personales y psicológicos. La asociación cruda se evaluó mediante las pruebas Chi cuadrado de Pearson y Chi cuadrado de tendencia lineal (o lineal por lineal). Mientras que el ajuste se realizó mediante Regresión de Poisson. Se obtuvo aprobación del comité de ética. Resultados: De los 160 participantes, se encontró que 56 no utilizaron métodos anticonceptivos con su última pareja sexual (36,88%; IC95%: 29,71-44,67%). El análisis multivariado mostró que los factores de riesgo del no uso de métodos anticonceptivos son la edad de los estudiantes evaluado en años (RPa: 1,06; p=0,006) y creer que el anticonceptivo oral de emergencia (AOE) o “pastilla del día siguiente” es un método anticonceptivo de uso rutinario (RPa: 1,92; p=0,004). Conclusión: Un tercio de los estudiantes no utilizó un método con su última pareja sexual, siendo los factores de riesgo de este fenómeno la edad del estudiante y creer que el AOE es un método de rutina.
Citas
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Long L, Chen Z, Shi Y, Wei S, Nie S, Liu Y. Association between college health services and contraceptive use among female students at five colleges in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:929.
Frost JJ, Darroch JE. Factors Associated with Contraceptive Choice and Inconsistent Method Use, United States, 2004. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2008;40(2):94–104.
Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Contraceptive non-use and associated factors among undergraduate university students in 22 countries. Afr Health Sci. 2015;15(4):1056–64.
Mehra D, Agardh A, Wiium N. Non-use of contraception: determinants among Ugandan university students. Glob Health Action. 2012;5:18599.
Mulugeta SS, Fenta SM, Biresaw HB. Factors associated with non-use of modern contraceptives among sexually active women in Ethiopia: a multi-level mixed effect analysis. Arch Public Health. 2022;80:163.
Ali M, Cleland J, Shah I. Causes and consequences of contraceptive discontinuation: evidence from 60 demographic and health surveys. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012.
Watson A, Galbraith T, et al. Concern that contraception affects future fertility: results from a multinational study. Reprod Health. 2023;20(1):14.
Dulanto-Ramos YB, Luna-Muñoz C, Roldan-Arbieto L. Factors Associated with the Lack of Use of Contraceptive Methods in Female Adolescents in Peru ENDES 2018-2020. Rev Fac Med Hum. 2022;22(2):345–52.
Ponce de León R, Polanco JC, Rodríguez A. Contraceptive use among university students in Mexico: prevalence and associated factors. Salud Publica Mex. 2019;61(2):153–60.
Córdova-Palomera A, Espinoza-Bernardo S. Contraceptive knowledge and practices among Peruvian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2021;38(3):412–8.
Khodakarami N. The Impact of Sex Education on Sexual Activity, Pregnancy, and Abortion. arXiv [Internet]. 2019 Mar 20.
